Plastic Injection Parts generally consist of the following parts:
(1) gating system
(2) Forming parts. Including female die (cavity), male die and row core etc.
(3) demoulding system. Including push-out and core-pulling mechanisms, etc.
(4) Guidance system.
(5) Temperature control system.
(6) fixing and installing parts. Forming part: The forming part consists of core and female die.
The core forms the inner surface shape of the product and the female mold forms the outer surface shape of the product. After the mold is closed, the core and the female mold form the mold cavity of the mold, which consists of part 13 and part 14. According to the process and manufacturing requirements, sometimes the core or female die is composed of several pieces, and sometimes it is made into a whole. Only inserts are used for easily damaged and difficult-to-process parts.
Gating system: Gating system is also called runner system. It is a group of feeding channels that lead the plastic melt from the nozzle of injection molding machine to the cavity. It usually consists of main runner, branch runner, gate and cold material cavity. The design of gating system is very important, and it is directly related to the molding quality and production efficiency of plastic parts.
Guide parts: In order to ensure accurate butt joint when the movable mold and the fixed mold are closed, guide parts must be installed in the mold. Four sets of guide posts and guide sleeves are usually used to form guide parts in injection molds. Sometimes, the movable mold and the fixed mold need to be respectively provided with inner and outer conical surfaces matched with each other to assist in positioning.
In order to avoid the deflection of the push plate during the product pushing process, the pushing mechanism of the mold is generally also provided with guide parts, such as guide pillars and guide sleeves, which keep the push plate moving horizontally. ·
Ejection mechanism: during the mold opening process, an ejection mechanism is required to eject or pull out the plastic part and its condensate in the runner. As shown in fig. 1-1, the pushing mechanism consists of a push rod 11, a pushing fixing plate 8, a pushing plate 9 and a pulling rod 10 of a main channel. The push-out fixing plate and the push-out plate clamp the push rod. A reset rod is generally fixed in the push plate, and the reset rod resets the push-out mechanism when the movable mold and the fixed mold are closed.
Temperature control system: in order to meet the requirements of injection molding process on mold temperature, a temperature control system is required to adjust the mold temperature. For the injection mould for thermoplastic plastics, the cooling system is mainly designed to cool the mould. The common way to cool the mould is to set up a cooling channel in the mould and use circulating cooling water to take away the heat of the mould. In addition to introducing hot water or steam through cooling water channels, electric heating elements can be installed inside and around the mold for heating the mold.
Exhaust tank: the exhaust tank is used to fully exhaust the gas in the molding process. The commonly used method is to open an exhaust groove at the parting surface. As there is a slight interval between parting surfaces, for smaller plastic parts, the parting surface can be directly used for exhaust due to small exhaust volume, and there is no need to open an exhaust groove. The matching clearance between the push rod or core of some molds and the molds can all play an exhaust role, and sometimes it is not necessary to open another exhaust groove.
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