Printed fabrics should be tested for the following color characteristics: how long the color will last (color fastness), the color effect of one dye on another (wet-over-dry or wet-over-wet printing), color reproducibility (color fastness) compatibility). Each of the features described is discussed below.
1. Color fastness Textile printing is a surface treatment method for materials. Except on thin fabrics, the dyes generally printed rarely penetrate deep into the fabric structure. Washing or dry cleaning followed by tumble drying, as well as abrasion from daily use, tends to shed fibers on the surface of the fabric, lightening the surface of the fabric or exposing unpigmented fibers, causing the fabric to fade.
Fabrics such as shirts, most everyday clothing, and children’s clothing materials will last longer if they are yarn-dyed or sheet-dyed rather than printed. Certain materials, such as upholstery fabrics or evening gowns, are not very different from printing or dyeing because they are not used or washed very often. Because of the relatively low cost of printing, printing patterns that mimic yarn-dyed stripes or plaids are sometimes printed, and the color on such printed fabrics is also not durable for the above-mentioned reasons. Attentive buyers and others involved in textiles often check whether the pattern on the fabric is loom-woven or printed. The vertical stripe pattern generally cannot be printed by manual screen or automatic flat screen, because it is difficult to completely match the pattern before matching after each screen replacement during printing.
2. Wet cover dry and wet cover wet effect Wet cover dry printing is to print the second color when the previously printed color has been properly dried or completely dry, and the second color is overlaid on the first color, and the result only shows the second color. Two colors. Wet-over-dry prints are usually only hand-screened. Wet cover wet printing is to print the second color before the first color is dry. The second color is applied immediately after the first color is printed while the fabric is still in the printing stage of the print. After the second color is overlaid on the first color, the two colorants are mixed to produce the third color. This third color is called overprinting. Therefore, using two screen methods (manual screen or automatic flat screen) and drum method for wet hood wet printing, the printing pattern designer can create a third color.
3. Halftone (midtone) Halftone is a gradient of the same color in a pattern from light to dark. In cylinder printing, halftones are obtained by gradually increasing or decreasing the engraving depth of the copper cylinder. In rotary screen printing, halftones are obtained by gradually increasing or decreasing the mesh density at the screen pattern. For manual screen printing, automatic flat screen printing and thermal transfer printing, since the technology of changing the mesh density of the screen has not been successfully studied, it is impossible to produce halftone printed fabrics.
4. Printing Proofing and Color Matching The color matching of dyed fabrics, sample prescription and conditional isochromatic phenomenon have been discussed in Chapter 8. These issues and procedures apply equally to printed fabrics. Before mass production of printed fabrics, a few yards of sample fabric should be printed to obtain the approval of the pattern designer or customer, a process called proofing. In many cases, it is important for the printer to match all the shades in the pattern, so in this case, a pattern is often repeatedly proofed several times before it is approved for production. It can take as long as 6-8 weeks to produce the first sample screens and proofs, and in the commercial textile printing business, high fashion patterns change so quickly that problems often arise. However, a new technology that has recently hit the market can save a lot of time, starting from designing an artwork on paper to generating a print sample on fabric in just a few hours. This new technology is the Encad digital textile system, a CAD computer-aided design system coupled with a machine that prints on fabrics with accurate color matching directly through computer output. The printing speed is about 13 minutes to produce 1 yard of fabric, or about 5 yards of samples per hour. The main advantage of this system is that pattern changes and new samples can be implemented directly on the computer/printer system without the need to make new screens.
5. The best printing method Among several commercial printing methods, which wholesale holland bronzing velvet one is the best? There is no one best method. Each printing method is only the best for printing a certain type of pattern and a certain amount of printing, and some methods are completely unsuitable for certain patterns and a certain amount of printing.
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